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Data Storage & Bandwidth Converter

Convert digital storage units between Bits, Bytes, KB, KiB, MB, MiB, GB, GiB, TB, and PB. Compare Decimal (SI) vs Binary (IEC) and calculate download times.

Convert across SI decimal and IEC binary digital storage standards.

Equivalent Storage Values
Bits (b)[Binary]
8.0000e+9 b
Bytes (B)[Metric]
1.0000e+9 B
Kilobytes (KB, 10³)[Decimal (SI)]
1.0000e+6 KB
Kibibytes (KiB, 2¹⁰)[Binary (IEC)]
976,562.5 KiB
Megabytes (MB, 10⁶)[Decimal (SI)]
1,000 MB
Mebibytes (MiB, 2²⁰)[Binary (IEC)]
953.674 MiB
Gigabytes (GB, 10⁹)[Decimal (SI)]
1 GB
Gibibytes (GiB, 2³⁰)[Binary (IEC)]
0.931323 GiB
Terabytes (TB, 10¹²)[Decimal (SI)]
0.001 TB
Tebibytes (TiB, 2⁴⁰)[Binary (IEC)]
0.000909 TiB
Petabytes (PB, 10¹⁵)[Decimal (SI)]
1.0000e-6 PB
Estimated Network Transfer Time
→1.3 minutes

Digital Storage Units Explained

Digital storage measurement often causes confusion because of two competing measurement conventions:

  1. Decimal (SI / Base 10): Uses standard powers of 10 (103=100010^3 = 1000). Hard drive manufacturers, SSD makers, and network telecom providers use this standard (e.g., 1 GB=1,000,000,000 Bytes1 \text{ GB} = 1,000,000,000 \text{ Bytes}).
  2. Binary (IEC / Base 2): Uses powers of 2 (210=10242^{10} = 1024). Operating systems like Windows measure storage using binary chunks, often referring to 1024 MiB1024 \text{ MiB} (1 GiB1 \text{ GiB}) as a “Gigabyte”. This discrepancy is why a newly purchased 1 TB drive shows up as approximately 931 GiB in Windows Disk Management.

Metric vs. Binary Reference Chart

UnitSymbolBase 10 (Bytes)Binary EquivalentBase 2 (Bytes)
KilobyteKB1,0001,000Kibibyte (KiB)1,0241,024
MegabyteMB1,000,0001,000,000Mebibyte (MiB)1,048,5761,048,576
GigabyteGB1,000,000,0001,000,000,000Gibibyte (GiB)1,073,741,8241,073,741,824
TerabyteTB1,000,000,000,0001,000,000,000,000Tebibyte (TiB)1,099,511,627,7761,099,511,627,776
PetabytePB1,000,000,000,000,0001,000,000,000,000,000Pebibyte (PiB)1,125,899,906,842,6241,125,899,906,842,624

Calculating Transfer & Download Times

Data transmission speeds are measured in bits per second (bps, Mbps, Gbps), while stored files are measured in Bytes (B, MB, GB).

Because 1 Byte = 8 bits, downloading an 800 MB file over an 800 Mbps internet connection does not take 1 second—it takes approximately 8 seconds under theoretical conditions. This converter automatically computes estimated download times across various connection tiers.